5 eye diseases are common
Eye diseases are increasingly common in modern life. In the age of technology, eyes are often exposed to electronic media or environmental pollution, causing eye diseases to increase.
The eyes are the most sensitive part of the human body, so without proper care, the eyes will easily get some diseases.
1. Eye allergies
Allergies are the most common eye disease. The causes of the disease are many, including direct sunlight (for sensitive eyes), air toxins, dust, perfume and even certain foods! When allergic, the eyes will become red and itchy.
2. Refractive error
According to research by Saigon Eye Hospital, refractive error is the most common cause of vision problems. Our eyes can see objects due to refraction in the eye, which occurs when light passes through the cornea and reaches the retina. Refractive errors occur due to the length of the eyeball, changes in the shape of the cornea or natural aging of the eye.
Nearsightedness, farsightedness, color blindness (test at the color blind test), and astigmatism are symptoms of refractive errors. Refractive errors are most common in people over 40 years old.
3. Macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD or AMD) often occurs in men and women over the age of 50. AMD is a phenomenon in which the retina is damaged, leading to partial loss of vision, which can be severe. causes blindness. Macular degeneration has no symptoms.
Therefore, it is difficult to detect the disease. The disease is often only detected when it has progressed seriously. Therefore, to avoid the risk of vision loss due to macular degeneration, you should regularly visit the nearest eye hospital for an examination.
4. Cataracts
Cataract, also known as dry cataracts, is a phenomenon in which the lens in the eye becomes opaque, affecting vision. Cataracts often form in both eyes, but they never occur in both eyes at the same time. The main cause of cataracts is aging, and the disease can be easily removed by cataract surgery.
5. Glaucoma
In glaucoma, the optic nerve is damaged, thus affecting the eye's ability to see. Glaucoma is very common and is one of the main causes of permanent blindness. The main cause of glaucoma is an increase in the pressure of the fluid in the eye. Glaucoma can occur suddenly with few warning symptoms. Therefore, regularly have regular eye exams to avoid glaucoma.
Read more: How is the color blindness test performed?
Color blindness, or to be more precise, color vision (chroma) defect, is a condition in which people have difficulty distinguishing colors, which makes them unable to see one or more colors. color, or see some colors differently than normal people. color blind test can be performed for all subjects that need accurate color recognition such as: drivers, electricians, designers, painters, technicians, marketers... color recognition.
How is the color blindness test performed?
Common color blindness testing techniques
To diagnose color blindness, doctors can use one of two types of color blindness tests: qualitative test (helps detect the presence of vision problems) and quantitative test (this technique is more sophisticated, can help determine the color vision defect and the type and severity of the patient's color blindness).
Qualitative test when examining color blindness
This standard color blindness testing technique is quite commonly used for color blindness. The qualitative test, also known as the Ishihara color vision test, consists of a small book and each page contains a circular drawing pattern, in It contains many small dots with different colors, sizes, and densities. The small dots on each page will be arranged in a certain pattern but seemingly randomly. Normal people will recognize that in those rows of small dots there will be a number 1 or 2, but people with color blindness will not.
In addition, doctors can also use Ishihara discs to screen for color blindness in patients, accordingly, if they are blue color blind, they will not be able to see the red numbers in these images. Each color blindness measurement chart of the Ishihara color vision test will have a full set of 38 discs, there is also a shortened version of 14 or 24 discs and is used more often in comprehensive eye examinations.
Since the introduction of the Ishihara color vision test, many medical device companies have developed similar color blindness screening tests, using color-matching dummy discs.
Quantitative test in color blindness examination
If you want to analyze color blindness in more detail, whether or not the patient has the ability to recognize colors, you need to use quantitative testing techniques in color blindness examination and the most popular test is still the Farnsworth-color test. Munsell 100. This test will include 4 trays, which will contain many small discs of different colors (each tray will have a reference color disc at the bottom) and the test taker will have to arrange the colored discs. different in the tray to form a continuous series of increasing colors. If you want accurate results when testing for color blindness, you need to perform the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 color test in a place with lighting that is closest to natural light during the day.
With this testing technique, each color disc will be numbered at the bottom to get accurate results. If the color is more similar to the sample, it shows the color recognition ability of the color blind tester. the more accurate. The Farnsworth-Munsell 100 color test technique not only helps detect whether the person being tested is color blind or not, but also helps determine the type and severity of the examinee's color blindness.
Who should take a color blind test?
Standard color blindness test can be performed on anyone who needs to work on the ability to recognize colors accurately such as advertising artists, electricians, designers...
In many cases, if you suspect you have problems identifying different colors, you should also be examined for color blindness because the disease may be present from birth but the patient is unaware of the defect. This vision persists until adulthood and the disease more or less affects life and work.
If the color vision disorder is hereditary, there is no remedy or treatment that the patient must accept and live with. If the disease is caused by another cause, there may be remedies depending on the cause
